Textile Fiber

1 Identification of silk and wool yarns

Silk and wool yarns have the smell of burnt feathers when they are burned, so we can't distinguish them at this point, so we can only distinguish them by looking at the number of single fibers of the two. After the silk is dyed, some parts are taken off. sericin, so the two silk fibroids are separated. If it is 1/22D/20D, the number of silk fibroids will become 14~16, and we can also quickly distinguish from the gloss. In addition, from the spun count, 1/22D/20D has almost 500 yarn counts. Such yarn counts can only be achieved by embedded spinning, so we can also distinguish from the thickness of the raw materials.

2 Identification of cotton yarn and bamboo fiber yarn

1. Cotton yarn will not emit sparks when burning, while bamboo fiber yarn will emit sparks, and the burning speed is faster than cotton yarn.

2. When cotton yarn is wet with water, its strength will not decrease, but when bamboo fiber yarn is wet with water, its strength will decrease, only about 60% of dry strength.

3. Put the cotton yarn and bamboo fiber yarn into a glass of water at the same time. Because the permeability of the bamboo fiber yarn is better than that of the cotton yarn, the bamboo fiber yarn sinks into the bottom of the cup first, while the cotton yarn is slightly slower (but it is worth noting that just before passing After treatment, the cotton yarn that has not been washed with the desizing lye will immediately wet and sink into the water due to the penetration of the alkali).

4. The cross-sectional shape under the electron microscope is different.

3 Identification of polyester cotton yarn and polyester viscose yarn

Untwist the two yarns, and then look at the length of the single fiber; polyester-cotton yarn, whether it is polyester staple fiber or cotton fiber, is usually cotton, and the cut length of polyester is 38mm, and cotton even contains long-staple cotton. The length is 23mm~45mm. If the polyester viscose yarn is cotton yarn, the cut length is 38mm, the cut length of medium and long yarn is 51mm~76mm, and the cut length of wool yarn is 76mm~114mm. Using the length of the fibers we can distinguish them.

4Identification of polyester and nylon

1. Whether polyester is cationic modified polyester, and whether it is drawn yarn or low elastic yarn, the color of the flame when burning is light red and has an aromatic smell.

2. Nylon, whether it is drawn yarn or low elastic yarn, smells bad when burning. The flame color of white or light-colored nylon is light blue when burning, and the flame color of black or dark nylon is light yellow when burning.

5 How to identify shiny wire and diamond wire

The gloss of lustrous silk and diamond silk is almost the same, and the surface of the silk thread is very bright.

In spinning, the content of TiO2 matting agent is different between shiny filaments and diamond filaments, and diamond filaments have almost no TiO2 matting agent added, so the spinnability is poor, so the single fibers of the filaments are few, so it is necessary to distinguish between two The other is to count the number of single fibers to identify them.

6 Identification of ordinary polyester and cationic polyester

If both are raw silks, then we only need to look at the gloss. The gloss of cationic polyester is between semi-matte and glossy, and belongs to the matt type, so we can distinguish them from this point. If it is a finished product, then the dark color is cationic polyester (except yarn-dyed fabrics). Remove a few silk threads and pull them down a few times. The weaker one is cationic polyester.